Why moisturize?
70% of your body is made up of water. As we age, or if the outer layers of our skin become damaged, the skin loses its essential function as a barrier against water loss from the body. The goal of moisturizing is to improve your skin’s ability to retain water. This is achieved by bolstering the skin’s barrier function, resulting in decreased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), or loss of water through the skin, and healthier looking skin. Furthermore, increased TEWL is one of the principle biochemical causes of medical conditions like eczema.
What do I look for when choosing a moisturizer?
Look for moisturizers that contain humectants or occlusives, as these compounds provide an optimal environment for retaining moisture and repairing the outermost layer of the skin. The effectiveness of a moisturizer will vary depending on the way it is delivered. In terms of moisturizing effectiveness, common delivery systems from best to worst are: ointments, creams, lotions, gels. Most people do not tolerate ointments on their face and hands; so creams and lotions often are a good compromise.
Avoid fragrances if you can. Fragrances are prime suspects for causing allergies. Instead, look for hypoallergenic moisturizers.
When should I moisturize?
The answer to this question varies greatly depending on your skin type (oily vs. dry), the relative humidity of the area in which you live (hot and humid vs. cold and dry), and how often you use soap. Using a gentle face cleanser, that is pH correct and that does not make the skin feel dehydrated, before going to bed should be an essential part of your daily routine, as it removes make-up, sweat, and other contaminants that build up on the face over the day. Combining this ritual with a moisturizer will give your skin the optimal environment for resting and repairing overnight.
Look for a product that provides a smoothing and renewing of the skin surface and prepares your skin for the next step in your skin care regimen.
If a once-daily application is not enough, you can also apply moisturizer in the morning after you shower. Surprisingly, water alone can have a paradoxical “drying out” effect. If you feel like your skin tightens up after you shower, moisturize.
Hands are particularly prone to drying out as a result of frequent handwashing. You may need to apply moisturizer several times a day in order to prevent cracked knuckles and cuticles.
How should I moisturize?
If you are moisturing after washing or showering, don’t dry all the moisture off! This seems intuitive, but gently patting your skin with a towel and then immediatly applying moisturizer will make a huge difference in how well your skin retains moisture.
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